英语教学中涉及到的教学策略

新课改的教学观指出：教学由以前的“教给学生知识”转变为“教会学生学习”。由此可见，教会学生怎样学习，如何学会思考已成为目前教育界许多研究者所关注的焦点，从而学习策略的研究也就成为了教育界所关注的问题。尤其是在教师考试面试中，不管是试讲还是说课，都强调在教学中要融入学习方法和学习策略。
教育部制定的《全日制义务教育英语课程标准(实验)解读》将“学习策略”定义为“是对学习方法的选择和使用”或“是对学习方法的认识和理解”。而在《高中英语课程标准》中将“学习策略”定义为“学生为了更有效的学习和使用外语而采取的各种行动和步骤”。为了让大家能在英语面试中灵活地应用教学策略，给大家整理如下：
Listening strategies:
1、Prediction:
l Before you listen, read the questions carefully.
l Try to think of possible answers.
l Use your general knowledge to think of possible answers.
2、Getting prepared for listening
l Before listening, make sure you understand the task.
l If possible, try to guess the answer.
3、 Listening for understanding the general idea
l Don’t worry if you can’t understand everything.
l Listen for important words and phrases to help you answer the questions.
l Try to link words to topics.
l When you listen the first time, don’t panic! You will not understand everything--just try to get the general idea and take notes.
l The second time you listen, listen carefully and try to note down the answers.
l Listen more than once, if possible.
4、Listening for specific information
l Make sure you know what you have to do. E.g. Complete a table, fill in the blanks.
l As you listen, make notes and use abbreviations, e.g. Poll.(=pollution), O-F.(=over-fishing).
l Use the headings or topics from the table to help you while you are listening.
l If you miss some information, write a question mark to remind you to listen especially carefully the second time.
Reading strategies:
1、Prediction:
l Before you read a text, look at the title, photographs and drawings.
l Read the first two or three lines of the text.
l Try to guess what the text is going to be about.
2、Working out meaning
l Find the word in the text.
l Is the word a noun, verb, adjective,etc?
l Think about the context.
3、Multiple-choice questions
l Read the question and answers.
l Try to guess the correct answer.
l Find the place in the text where you think the answer is.
l Read the text and check your answer.
l Make sure the other two answers are not possible.
4、Self-assessment
l After you read, think about how difficult the text was for you to understand.(e.g. Quiet difficult because of a lot of new words)
l Think about how difficult the tasks were for you.
l List the strategies you used to help you. (E.g. Using the picture to predict answers, guessing multiple-choice questions, working out meaning of words.)
5、Making contextual connections
l Read the whole text to get the general idea.
l Look at the missing sentences and read the paragraphs with gaps in detail.
l Choose the missing sentence, a) to e), from the list. Make sure the topic of the sentence matches the topic of the paragraph.
l Make sure that the sentence fits in with the sentences before and after it. Look for time references, pronoun references or contrasting ideas.
6、Matching topics/paragraphs
l Read each paragraph carefully.
l Pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph as it often introduces the main idea.
l Identify 3-5 of the most important words and underline them with a pencil.
l Look at the list of topics and match them to the paragraphs.
l Check that the extra topic does not match any of the paragraphs.
Speaking strategies:
1、group work
l Always try to speak in English.
l Don’t interrupt other people.
l Respect other people’s ideas.
l Choose a secretary to make notes of your group’s decisions.
2、Preparation for discussion
l Make notes about your opinions.
l Think of reason to support your opinions.
l Practice saying your opinions.
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